Monday, February 13, 2017

Resilience



Resilience

Image courtesy RayHiltz.com



Introduction: The importance of the concept to the classroom teacher For educators understanding the concept of resilience speaks directly to one of the major challenges in working with students of all ages. Questions and theories abound as to what builds, sustains, and determines resiliency which directly impact student achievement. Students who are better able to cope with the stresses and challenges of the academic and social emotional aspects of life, are in turn better positioned to optimize their potential and achievement.


A little history/definition: Current research suggests that there are several key elements which speak to the topic of resilience. First, resilience appears not to be a fixed state. Rather, it is a cognitive skill that can be taught and developed over time. Given the right type of supports and guidance individuals can be equipped to react to life’s challenges in such a way so as not to be defeated by them. Next, it appears that resilience can be gained and lost depending on circumstance and experiences. This means that individuals can be overwhelmed, reaching a “breaking point” when the demands of their circumstances exceed their capacity to deal with the circumstances the are presented with (Konnikova, 2016).

Individual resilience appears to have a great deal to do with personal perspective and world views. The “traumatic” potential for particular events often resides in the individual's interpretations of said event. When a person sees themselves as a victim, buffeted by circumstances beyond their control, they run the risk of being overwhelmed. Only when an individual embraces the idea that an event is traumatic does the event have a long term impact upon them. Conversely, when events are viewed as learning opportunities or beneficial they have the potential of positively impacting the person and their resiliency (Konnikova, 2016).

There is school of thought supported by research which sees resilience is a malleable trait which comes and goes dependent upon situation and circumstance. Challenges related to financial security, life transitions, past and current academic struggles, as well as challenging social emotional circumstances can threaten individual resilience (Downie, Hay, Horner, Wichman, & Hislop, 2010). In addition, issues of early childhood experiences, familial and personal world-views, and individual perspective can also shape resiliency. When individual capacity is sufficient, students can exhibit resilience in the face of life’s challenges. Yet, capacity does have its limits and when reached, individuals experience breakdowns in their abilities to overcome challenges and succumb to pressures (Flouri, Tzavidis, & Kallis, 2010; (Keyfitz, Lumley, Hennig, & Dozois, 2013; Konnikova, 2016).





Image courtesy Practicatechnical.com 
Meeting the challenge: How as educators do we meet students and their point of need? First, it is vital to align community resources to speak to the individual’s needs. Providing a positive perspective and encouragement alone is not enough. If there are elements in the student’s personal world which impede or frustrate the development of resilience they must be considered and addressed. Next, working to develop self-awareness and self-esteem in the student can form an essential skill set. Such work nurtures mindfulness and self-awareness which is essential to healthy self-expression and emotional regulation (Coholic, Eys, & Lougheed, 2012). Students must be aware of their individual skills, resources, and capacities, understanding how these impact their ability to negotiate life’s circumstances (Coholic, Eys, & Lougheed, 2012). Additionally, student to understand the positive impacts of self-compassion, the idea that individuals understand and embrace their strengths and areas where further growth is needed. This allows them to forgive themselves when they don’t meet personal expectations, and rather than engaging in destructive self-blame and punishment, working towards positive actions and responses focused on personal growth and self-efficacy (Coholic et al., 2012). Next, equip and provide students with the specific skills needed to speak to specific challenges they face, while also supporting them in distancing themselves from risks which are detrimental to personal well-being (Coholic et al., 2012). Finally, the single most impactful tool for the individual is that of self-advocacy. Learning to speak up for one’s self and seeking help and support, which in turn leads to self-efficacy. Students must put aside pride and privacy, instead seeking out resources and supports which can help to meet hurdles and challenges which threaten resilience (Keyfitz, Lumley, Hennig, & Dozois, 2013).


Conclusion: The perspective that resilience is a set, innate trait runs counter to current research, and embraces a deficit thinking perspective of individuals. Understanding that as educators we work with students who have capacities and breaking point, who have the ability to develop skills and perspectives, is foundational to nurturing our students and moving them towards optimal levels of achievement and success. We must understand the impact of community and learned perspectives on our students, while also working towards the alignment of these same assets to support them. Resilience in our students appears to be a malleable trait, that when understood can speak directly to the optimization of student achievement.


References






2 comments: